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Ministers of Health: short-term tenure for long-term goals?

REA Auditado

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Healthcare investments should consider short and long-term demands. The objectives here were to compare the average tenures of ministers of health in Brazil and in another 22 countries and to evaluate the relationship between ministers' tenures and a number of indicators. DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive study conducted at Centro Paulista de Economia da Saúde (CPES). METHODS: Twenty-two countries with the highest Human Development Indices (HDIs) and Brazil were included.

Tema: general: 

• Ciencias de la Salud›Medicina›Medicina (en General)

Correlation of anthropometric indicators for identifying insulin sensitivity and resistance

REA Auditado

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES: Early detection of reduced insulin sensitivity (IS) and insulin resistance (IR) is desirable. The aim here was to evaluate correlations of anthropometric indicators for identifying IR or IS and determine the cutoff points of the most effective indicators. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in the city of São Paulo. METHODS: Sixty-one individuals with normal fasting plasma glucose (NFPG) and 43 overweight women were analyzed.

Tema: general: 

• Ciencias de la Salud›Medicina›Medicina (en General)

Phonological performance measured by speech severity indices compared with correlated factors

REA Auditado

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Some factors seem to influence speech impairment among phonologically disordered children. The aim was to compare severity indices with some correlated factors. DESIGN AND SETTING: Observational, analytical and cross-sectional study conducted within the Language-Speech-Hearing Sciences Course, Universidade de São Paulo. METHOD: Fifty phonologically disordered children with ages ranging from 4 to 11 years took part. The indices were calculated from phonology tests and were correlated with anamnesis and audiological data.

Tema: general: 

• Ciencias de la Salud›Medicina›Medicina (en General)

C-reactive protein is not a useful indicator for infection in surgical intensive care units

REA Auditado

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: C-reactive protein (CRP) is commonly used as a marker for inflammatory states and for early identification of infection. This study aimed to investigate CRP as a marker for infection in patients with postoperative septic shock. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective, single-center study, developed in a surgical intensive care unit at Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo.

Tema: general: 

• Ciencias de la Salud›Medicina›Medicina (en General)

Salivary cortisol as an indicator of adrenocortical function in healthy infants, using massage therapy

REA Auditado

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The evaluation of adrenocortical function with the use of therapeutic massage has been little studied in Brazil. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the salivary cortisol levels before and after Shantala massage therapy on healthy infants. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective case series, in a public nursery, in São Paulo. METHODS: Saliva was obtained from 11 infants at the times of 8:00-9:00 a.m. and 4:00-5:00 p.m. in a nursery and 9:00-10:00 p.m. at home.

Tema: general: 

• Ciencias de la Salud›Medicina›Medicina (en General)

Relationship between the stuttering severity index and speech rate

REA Auditado

CONTEXT: The speech rate is one of the parameters considered when investigating speech fluency and is an important variable in the assessment of individuals with communication complaints. OBJECTIVE: To correlate the stuttering severity index with one of the indices used for assessing fluency/speech rate. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Fluency and Fluency Disorders Investigation Laboratory, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy adults with stuttering diagnosis.

Tema: general: 

• Ciencias de la Salud›Medicina›Medicina (en General)

Nutrition in acute renal failure

REA Auditado

Nutritional status has been considered to be one of the possible determinants of mortality rates in cases of acute renal failure (ARF). However, most studies evaluating possible mortality indicators in ARF cases have not focused on the nutritional status, possibly because of the difficulties involved in assessing the nutritional status of critically ill patients. Although the traditional methods for assessing nutritional status are used for ARF patients, they are not the best choice in this population.

Tema: general: 

• Ciencias de la Salud›Medicina›Medicina (en General)

Enteral nutrition during bone marrow transplantation in patients with pediatric cancer: a prospective cohort study

REA Auditado

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Cancer patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation (BMT) often require nutritional therapy due to treatment toxicities. The aim here was to evaluate the use of tube feeding and its applicability, indications, contraindications and complications in these patients. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective observational study conducted at a public university in São Paulo between January 2002 and August 2007. METHODS: The patients were followed up daily in the BMT unit by a research dietitian.

Tema: general: 

• Ciencias de la Salud›Medicina›Medicina (en General)

Use of arteriography for the initial evaluation of patients with intermittent lower limb claudication

REA Auditado

CONTEXT: Many patients with intermittent claudication continue to be forwarded to the vascular surgeon for initial evaluation after arteriography has already been accomplished. OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this work was to analyze the usefulness and the need for this procedure. TYPE OF STUDY: Retrospective study. SETTING: The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1, with the arteriography already performed and Group 2 without the initial arteriography. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred patients with intermittent claudication were retrospectively studied.

Tema: general: 

• Ciencias de la Salud›Medicina›Medicina (en General)

Turner syndrome: counseling prior to oocyte donation

REA Auditado

Ovarian failure is a typical feature of Turner syndrome (TS). Patients are followed clinically with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and inclusion in the oocyte donation program, if necessary. For patients with spontaneous puberty, genetic counseling regarding preimplantation genetic diagnosis and prenatal diagnosis is indicated. Patients with dysgenetic gonads and a Y chromosome are at increased risk of developing gonadoblastoma. Even though this is not an invasive tumor, its frequent association with other malignant forms justifies prophylactic gonadectomy.

Tema: general: 

• Ciencias de la Salud›Medicina›Medicina (en General)